Abstract
Study of exotic hadrons, which cannot be interpreted as ordinary three-quark baryons or quark-antiquark mesons, would offer us a good opportunity to investigate low-energy quark dyanmics. The pentaquark \(\varTheta ^+\) has a strangeness quantum number \(S=+1\) with its minimal quark configuration of \(uudd\bar{s}\). The distinct features of the \(\varTheta ^+\) are a light mass of about 1540 MeV and a narrow width of a few MeV or less. If such an exotic pentaquark exits, it is quite interesting from a viewpoint of the hadron structure. Many experiments searched for the \(\varTheta ^+\) so far, but the experimental situation was still controversial. For further investigation, a high-statistics and high-resolution experiment has been required. In this chapter, both theoretical and experimental studies of the \(\varTheta ^+\) pentaquark are reviewed. The present experiment is introduced in the last section.
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