Abstract

This short and opinionated review starts with the concept of quantum signals at microwave frequencies and focuses on the principle of linear parametric amplification. This process emerges from the dispersive nonlinearity of Josephson junctions driven with appropriate tones. We discuss two defining characteristics of the corresponding amplifying devices: i) the number of modes excited by the signal, idler and pump waves and ii) the number of independent ports through which these waves enter into the circuit. Cette courte revue partisane débute par l'exposition de la notion de signal quantique dans le domaine micro-ondes et se concentre ensuite sur le principe de l'amplification paramétrique en régime linéaire. Ce mécanisme émerge de la non-linearité dispersive de jonctions Josephson pompées à des fréquences appropriées. Nous discutons deux caractéristiques fondamentales des dispositifs amplificateurs : i) le nombre de modes excités par les ondes du signal, de l'image et de la pompe et ii) le nombre de ports indépendants à travers lesquels ces ondes entrent dans le circuit.

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