Abstract
In our real-life problems, there are situations with the uncertain data that may not be successfully modelled by the classical mathematics. There are some mathematical tools for dealing with uncertainties—they are fuzzy set theory introduced by Zadeh [10], rough set theory introduced by Pawlak [7], and soft set theory initiated by Molodtsov [5]. In this chapter, we recall some basic notions relevant to our Chaps. 2– 10, such as fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, interval fuzzy sets, soft set, fuzzy soft sets, rough sets, fuzzy rough sets, fuzzy rough soft set, and others.
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