Abstract
The final report of the World Commission on the Environment and Development, also known the Brundtl and Report, defines sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Subsequent international efforts such the Rio de Janeiro Conference in 1992, the publication of Agenda 21, the Rio+5 special session of the United Nations (UN) in 1997, the formation of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development in 1997, and the Rio+20 UN Conference on Sustainable Development can be credited with raising environmental concerns to increase public awareness, serving an initial focus and impetus for collaboration well conflict between government, industry, and academia. The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, revealed at the Earth Summit 2002, affirmed commitment by the UN to fully implement Agenda 21. Environmental management systems standards (EMSS)such ISO 14001 and the European Eco-management and Audit System (EMAS) provide a sound practical basis for environmental management within organizations.
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