INTRODUCTION RESULTS OF COTONEASTER MEDIK IN THE STEPPE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

Abstract

Cotoneaster is an ornamental shrub that has been used in Khakassia since the end of the 20th century not only for the improvement of populated areas but also for the forestation. In the Ключевые слова: кизильник, интродукция, ритм роста и развития, озеленение, засушливые условия, Хакасия arboretum of the Institute, more than 40 varieties of cotoneaster of different origin were tested. The paper identifies promising new cotoneaster varieties for immigration into the landscapes of the region. Currently, an inventory has established 12 varieties of cotoneaster. According to the duration of spring development, the studied varieties can be divided into two groups: dissolving vegetative buds in the second and third decades of April - 75% (C. foveolatus, C. intergerrimus, C. lucidus, C. melanocarpus var. Laxiflora, C. nitens, C. oliganthus, C. racemiflorus, C. soongoricus, C. zeravschanicus). In the second group there are varieties in which the vegetative buds bloom in the first and second decades of May - 25% (C. melanocarpus, C. divaricatus, C. pannosus). The cotoneaster bloom period averages 16 ± 2 days. Most of the characterized varieties (54.5%) bloom in the third decade of May, flowering 36.3% falls on the first decade of June. The average vegetation period for woody plants in Khakassia reaches 165 days. Cotoneaster, having an East Asian locality, is close to this value. The vast majority of the considered varieties (75%) has winter hardness at the level of I point. 16.6% of the varieties freeze over in some years (winter hardness II point). The largest weight is 1000 pcs. seed belongs to Cotoneaster oliganthus, C. racemiflorus, and C. melanocarpus. Soil germination of seeds in different vatieties of Cotoneaster varies from 4.4 to 24.4%. The highest rate was fixed in the shaggy cotoneaster (C. pannosus) from South-Western China. For a more complete assessment, each of the studied varieties was assigned an introduction score. The highest fifth point of introduction is characterized by seven species, or 58.3%. Four types have a fourth score - 33.3%. Based on a comprehensive assessment of the prospects of the studied cotoneaster varieties it was found that 67% of the varieties are quite promising. The promising varieties such as C. pannosus, C. melanocarpus var. laxiflora, as well as C. zeravschanicus (during vegetative propagation) for landscaping in Khakassia.