Abstract
Child care is perhaps the most protean of social policies taking a variety of forms and being amenable to numerous rationales. Provisions can be justified in the name of gender equality child development welfare reform labor market needs or demographic crisis and can take the form of anything from universal state-subsidized child care centers to day-care mothers to privately employed nannies. These wide variations present a challenge to scholars making it difficult to track and especially to compare child care policies over time and across cases. Scholars have tried (and often found wanting) several different typologies ranging from Gosta Esping-Andersens welfare state regimes (1990) to Rianne Mahons (2002) models for current welfare state redesign in Europe. Feminists have of course criticized Esping-Andersen for ignoring gender but they have also discovered that even when gender is built in his three types cannot account for variations in policies toward women among cases within specific regimes. (excerpt)
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