Introduction of Spring Triticale in the Amur Region

Abstract

AbstractThe article presents the results of ecological trials in the conditions of the main agricultural zones of the Amur region of eight varieties of spring triticale: Ukro, Karmen, Grebeshok, Rovnya, Kunak, Yarilo, Lotas and Uzor. Field trials were conducted in 2014–2016 at Tambov GSU (southern zone), Svobodnensky GSU (central zone) and Mazanovsky GSU (northern zone). As a result of the studies it was found that the maximum productivity of the tested varieties was formed in the conditions of the southern zone of the region and amounted to 4.6 t/ha. In the central and northern agrozones, this figure did not exceed 2.5 and 3.2 t/ha, respectively. Realization of the yield potential on average for all varieties was 71.0%. The highest value of this parameter was noted in varieties - Scallop (77.4%), Rovnya (73.7%) and Ukro (71.1%). According to the parameters of ecological plasticity and stability out of the eight varieties studied only three (Kunak, Rovnya and Ukro) can be characterized as plastic. From this we can conclude that the varieties Kunak and Ukro are the most adapted to changes in their growing conditions. Calculation of the correlation coefficients of yield with its structural elements showed that the variability of yield was mainly related to the difference of plant height (r = 0.872), and growing season (r = 0.853) and was almost independent of the weight of 1000 grains.KeywordsEnvironmental studyAgricultureSpring triticaleAmur region