Abstract
Operational weather and flood forecasting has been performed successfully for decades and is of great socioeconomic importance. Up to now, forecast products focus on atmospheric variables, such as precipitation, air temperature and, in hydrology, on river discharge. Considering the full terrestrial system from groundwater across the land surface into the atmosphere, a number of important hydrologic variables are missing especially with regard to the shallow and deeper subsurface (e.g., groundwater), which are gaining considerable attention in the context of global change. In this study, we propose a terrestrial monitoring/forecasting system using the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform (TSMP) that predicts all essential states and fluxes of the terrestrial hydrologic and energy cycles from groundwater into the atmosphere. Closure of the terrestrial cycles provides a physically consistent picture of the terrestrial system in TSMP. TSMP has been implemented over a regional domain over North Rhine-Westphalia and a continental domain over Europe in a real-time forecast/monitoring workflow. Applying a real-time forecasting/monitoring workflow over both domains, experimental forecasts are being produced with different lead times since the beginning of 2016. Real-time forecast/monitoring products encompass all compartments of the terrestrial system including additional hydrologic variables, such as plant available soil water, groundwater table depth, and groundwater recharge and storage.
Highlights
The kernel of the Terrestrial Monitoring System (TMS) consists of a number of simulation software and hardware components, and data streams, which are linked in a scripted, automated software and hardware components, and data streams, which are linked in a scripted, automated workflow (Section 3)
Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform (TSMP) has been implemented over a regional a regional and continental model domain, which are slightly smaller than North Rhine-Westphalia and continental model domain, which are slightly smaller than North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and (NRW) and larger than the pan-European domain (EU), respectively (Figure 1)
The hydrologic hydrologic state of the TSMP model setup for the NRW domain is corrected with the help of state of the TSMP model setup for the NRW domain is corrected with the help of precipitation-radar precipitation-radar observations to improve model initialization and the ensuing forecast products
Summary
In operational forecasting, the software stack consists of a number of sophisticated components including pre- and post-processing tools, the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model, and data assimilation (DA) software, which constitute the kernel of the prediction system and comprise decades of natural science findings and scientific software design knowledge (e.g., [3,5,6,7]) In essence, these prediction systems provide real-time forecasts of the states and fluxes in the atmosphere based on a set of initial conditions (IC) and, in the case of regional forecasts, lateral boundary conditions (BC), which are continuously corrected with observations through data assimilation. There exists a large number of post-processed products of available institutional numerical weather prediction simulation results, so-called re-analyses
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
