Introduction of an exclusive, highly linear, and matrix-effectless analytical method based on dispersive micro solid phase extraction using MIL-88B(Fe) followed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction specialized for the analysis of pesticides in celery and tomato juices without dilution

Abstract

For the first time, this research introduces a new analytical method specialized for the analysis of some pesticides in celery and tomato juices based on MIL-88B(Fe) which is matrix-effectless (relative recoveries in the range of 95–103 %) and highly linear (r2 = 0.998–0.999). Achieving low limits of detection (0.24–0.53 µg/L) and quantification (0.79–1.75 µg/L) in this method is also amazing. Moreover, the wide linearity of the method (1.75–1000 µg/L), high enrichment factors (277–379), and reasonable extraction recoveries (55–75 %) are the highlights of the developed method. Initially, the sorbent was synthesized using an autoclave-based approach. Then the resulted sorbent was subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analyses to infer the accuracy of the obtained phase. Subsequently, it was subjected to the studied juices for the analysis of the surveyed pesticides. In dispersive micro solid phase extraction, which is for the adsorption of the analytes on the sorbent and performing the cleanup step to reduce the matrix effect, the sorbent was dispersed in the solution of analytes and after the accomplishment of the adsorption, the analytes were desorbed using acetonitrile. In dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, which was done for the aim of preconcentration, the acetonitrile phase (eluate) was mixed with µL-level of carbon tetrachloride and injected into deionized water. After centrifugation an aliquot of it was injected into a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. According to the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses, haloxyfop-R-methyl with a concentration of 23 ± 2 µg/L was detected in tomato juice. It is confessed that confident safety assessment analysis of celery and tomato juices is available using the introduced highly-reliable analytical method.