Introduction: Disaster Risk Reduction and Education System

Abstract

In the last two decades, the two devastating disasters occurred in Japan. One is the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995, and the other is the East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in 2011. This chapter as the first chapter of the book on disaster education and disaster risk reduction in education sectors and its governance and management system focuses on the lessons of these disasters, explains disaster resilience of education system referring to the past researches, and considers education perspectives in Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005–2015 and Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015–2030. Through experiencing the past disasters, education governance and education contents and approaches have been emphasized in Japan. Educational resilience includes student resilience, teacher resilience, and school resilience, which are transition pathways from individual resilience to system resilience. Through the review of HFA and SFDRR, it was identified that HFA directly focused on education in its Priority 3, and education was considered in all four priorities in SFDRR. It can be concluded that education is a significant crosscutting issue for the priorities of SFDRR which can contribute to achievement of the priorities.