Abstract
The control of graphene’s topography at the nanoscale level opens up the possibility to greatly improve the surface functionalization, change the doping level or create nanoscale reservoirs. However, the ability to control the modification of the topography of graphene on a wafer scale is still rather challenging. Here we present an approach to create well-defined nanowrinkles on a wafer scale using nitrocellulose as the polymer to transfer chemical vapor deposition grown graphene from the copper foil to a substrate. During the transfer process, the complex tertiary nitrocellulose structure is imprinted into the graphene area layer. When the graphene layer is put onto a substrate this will result in a well-defined nanowrinkle pattern, which can be subsequently further processed. Using atomic force and Raman microscopy, we characterized the generated nanowrinkles in graphene.
Highlights
The transfer of either exfoliated or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown graphene to another substrate is one of the key steps during the fabrication of graphene-based devices
The creation of rugae [1], a single state of a corrugated material configuration in which graphene can be mostly observed as exhibiting either wrinkles, ripples, folds, wrinklons or crumples, during the transfer is generally seen as unwanted, as these topographic features deteriorate the properties of graphene [2,3]
In this article we show that by transferring graphene using nitrocellulose as a transfer polymer, we can induce a homogeneous landscape of nanoscale wrinkles in the whole graphene sheet, in which topography is induced from the structure of the used nitrocellulose polymer
Summary
The transfer of either exfoliated or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown graphene to another substrate is one of the key steps during the fabrication of graphene-based devices. The introduction of an all-dry transfer (whether or not using h-BN and annealing) resulted in devices with a minimum of these unwanted features [4,5]. Those “unwanted topographic features” can be very suitable to further explore graphene’s potential. The chemical reactivity of the rugae can be further controlled via the doping level [9]. As they are locally delaminated from the substrate, the influence of the substrate doping is reduced. Rugae can act as a generator for pseudo magnetic fields [10] or for anisotropic transport properties [11]
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