Introducing the Mmogo-method as a Visual Data-Collection Method

Abstract

This chapter introduces the Mmogo-method as a visual data-collection method. The method requires participants to construct visual representations by using open-ended or unstructured materials stimulated by an open-ended prompt in a group setting. The Mmogo-method developed from the Indingilize Structured Observation Technique (Indingilize). The Indingilize uses pre-determined categories for the study under investigation, researchers’ observations scored on four themes, and visual representations scored to generate quantitative data which are analyzed statistically. By contrast, researchers using the Mmogo-method adopt an onto-epistemological stance, assuming that people have developed unique and different perspectives (relativism), which they express verbally and visually in relation to a social reality that is not mind-dependent (realism). In applying the method, researchers create context for optimal participation and take an empathic position when probing and interpreting participants’ visual representations. They involve members of the group to obtain detailed data and recognize the importance of context. Context is distinguished in terms of the situatedness of collected data (which does not limit knowledge transfer). Multiple data sources are obtained, namely visual, textual and observational, to explore and describe social phenomena and to develop theory or interventions. The method is bound by ethical considerations and excludes anyone who has been traumatized or is struggling to deal with reality. It also has limitations in its application to those who prefer not to participate in a group or an experiential research activity, and in the choice of materials.