Abstract
The assumption of the universal atomic scale is not justified by observations. The latter indicate just the contrary, namely that the scale is a degree of freedom. The author attempts to state a concise general definition of the principle of relativity. The incorporation of the dilatational degree of freedom into the principle of relativity requires that physical events take place in the six-dimensional space V6, the subspace of which is the Minkowski space M4. The norms and angles of 6-vectors in V6 are assumed to be conserved, whilst their projections into M4 are in general not conserved under the transformations of the group ISO(4,2). The speed of light is invariant in V6 but its projection into M4 is invariant only under certain transformations. The theory provides a description of the muon to electron mass ratio. The 'primordial' transverse momentum of partons is proposed to originate from the dilatational momentum.
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