Abstract
With the increasing diffusion of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, the transportation of goods sector is in a position to adopt novel intelligent services that cut across the otherwise highly fragmented and heterogeneous market, which today consists of a myriad of actors. Legacy systems that rely upon direct integration between all actors involved in the transportation ecosystem face considerable challenges for information sharing. Meanwhile, IoT based services, which are designed as devices that follow goods and communicate directly to cloud-based backend systems, may provide services that previously were not available. For the purposes of this paper, we present a theoretical framework for classification of such intelligent goods systems based on a literature study. The framework, labelled as the Intelligent Goods Service (IGS) framework, aims at increasing the understanding of the actors, agents, and services involved in an intelligent goods system, and to facilitate system comparisons and the development of new innovative solutions. As an illustration of how the IGS framework can be used and contribute to research in this area, we provide an example from a direct industry-academia collaboration.
Highlights
Transporting goods has a long tradition and has played an important role throughout history
Are there many actors in this market, but the configuration of actors involved changes constantly, depending on who is available at particular points of handover in order to facilitate the shipping of goods from one place to another
This paper set out by describing the highly heterogeneous transportation market for goods and elaborating on the challenges that follow this heterogeneity. This included constantly changing collaborating actors, with human agents that may overlap in which role they play for the shipping of goods
Summary
Transporting goods has a long tradition and has played an important role throughout history. Pedersen et al [16] present a framework for information and communications systems in transport and logistics, based on input from a number of EU funded research and development projects Some of these EU projects have particular foci on solutions-related intelligent goods. Musa et al [2] compare different RFID product visibility architectural frameworks (Microsoft BizTalk RFID, Sun Java RFID, and SaviTrak) based on user requirements of visibility systems The frameworks in these types of research studies primarily focus on system architectures, including information and communication. The paper is wrapped up with some future directions and concluding reflections in Sections 6 and 7
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