Abstract
Objective: A novel RP-HPLC-DAD-HRMS method was developed for determination of armodafinil in presence of related substances viz. impurities and forced degradation products and its intrinsic stability was established by forced degradation profiling. Method: Armodafinil and its degradation products were successfully separated on Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) by mixture of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile (in gradient mode) at 1 ml/min flow rate within 20 min and detection was performed by photodiode-array detector at 252 nm. Results: Drug was extensively degraded in alkaline conditions followed by acidic and neutral conditions, while there was no degradation observed in thermal, oxidative and ultra-violet degradation conditions. Only one impurity (AMD-Imp) was identified as phenylmethanesulfinic acid. Structure of degradation products and degradation pathways of drug have been postulated for hydrolytic condition. Conclusion: Armodafinil was extensively degraded in basic condition followed by acidic and neutral condition. Four DPs vis. AMD3, AMD4, AMD5 and AMD6 were observed in all the conditions. No degradation was found in thermal, UV light and oxidative conditions
Highlights
Armodafinil (AMD) is 2-(benzhydryl sulfinyl) acetamide and indicated for use in patients with excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea / hypopnoea syndrome or shift work sleep disorder [1]
AMD and all degradation products were successfully separated within 20 min and detection was performed by photodiode-array detector (PDA) at 252 nm
AMD and all degradation products were successfully separated within 20 min and detected PDA detector at 252 nm (Figure 1)
Summary
Armodafinil (AMD) is 2-(benzhydryl sulfinyl) acetamide and indicated for use in patients with excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea / hypopnoea syndrome or shift work sleep disorder [1]. It is active metabolite of adrafinil [2-(benzhydrylsulfinyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide], which is one of the psycho stimulants having behavioral activating effects. Forced degradation studies provide data to support identification of possible degradants; degradation pathways and intrinsic stability of the drug molecule and validation of stability indicating analytical procedures [8]. The present work was aimed to establish degradation pathway in different degradation conditions by studying the intrinsic stability, forced degradation and impurity profiling of the AMD
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