Intrinsic hallmarks of phonon-induced charge order in cuprates

Abstract

Charge-density wave (CDW) modulations in underdoped high-temperature cuprate superconductors remain a central puzzle in condensed matter physics. However, despite a substantial experimental verification of this ubiquitous phase in a large class of high ${T}_{c}$ cuprates, a complete theoretical explanation of this phase is still missing. Here, we build upon our recent proposal that the CDW in underdoped cuprates (Y- and Bi- based compounds) emerges from a unique cooperation of the ${\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}B}_{1g}$ bond-buckling phonon with strong electronic correlations. We assume a static mean-field lattice distortion with ${\mathrm{B}}_{1g}$ symmetry, regardless of its origin, with a commensurate wave vector ${\mathbf{q}}^{*}=(2\ensuremath{\pi}/3,0)/(0,2\ensuremath{\pi}/3)$. We show that such a phonon-induced CDW (both uni- and biaxial) reconstructs the Fermi surface, leading to electron and hole pockets, with relevant quantum oscillation frequencies in close consistency with the experiments. Furthermore, a systematic analysis of the symmetry of the intra-unit-cell charge modulations on the copper-oxygen planes is provided. We find that the atomic charge modulation on the $\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ unit cell is predominantly of $s$-wave character, in support of the recent experimental observation.