Abstract
We performed finite-element micromagnetic simulations to examine the formation of skyrmions without intrinsic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in magnetic hemispherical shells. We found that curvature-induced DM-like interaction allows for further stabilization of skyrmions without the DMI in curved-geometry hemispherical shells for a specific range of uniaxial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) constant Ku. The larger the curvature of the shell, the higher the Ku value required for the formation of the skyrmions. With well-stabilized skyrmions, we also found in-plane gyration modes and azimuthal spin-wave modes as well as an out-of-plane breathing mode, similarly to previously found modes for planar geometries. Furthermore, additional higher-frequency hybrid modes were observed due to coupling between the gyration and azimuthal modes. This work provides further physical insight into the static and dynamic properties of intrinsic DMI-free skyrmions formed in curved-geometry systems.
Highlights
We performed finite-element micromagnetic simulations to examine the formation of skyrmions without intrinsic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in magnetic hemispherical shells
Recent theoretical and experimental studies have revealed that three-dimensional (3D) curved geometries and torsional magnets can allow for robust effective magnetic interactions of curvature-induced effective magnetic anisotropy and DM-like interaction[25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33]
Carvalho-Santos et al.[33] reported that the curved geometry can enforce the effective DMI, while it makes a certain reduction in the effective magnetic anisotropy, thereby leading to a further stability of skyrmion formation
Summary
We performed finite-element micromagnetic simulations to examine the formation of skyrmions without intrinsic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in magnetic hemispherical shells. We found that curvature-induced DM-like interaction allows for further stabilization of skyrmions without the DMI in curved-geometry hemispherical shells for a specific range of uniaxial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) constant Ku. The larger the curvature of the shell, the higher the Ku value required for the formation of the skyrmions. This work provides further physical insight into the static and dynamic properties of intrinsic DMI-free skyrmions formed in curved-geometry systems Chiral spin textures such as chiral domain walls1, vortices[2], and skyrmions[3,4] are considered to be promising building blocks for prospective memory and logic devices in the field of spintronics[5,6,7,8,9,10]. Our findings further the understanding of skyrmion stability in curved geometries without DMI, and offer an efficient means of controlling robust skyrmion dynamics for real-device applications
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