Abstract
The aim of this study is to illustrate the relationship between α-Galatosylceramide (α-GalCer) dose and α-GalCer induced anergy of immune system in vivo. α-GalCer, a glycolipid and a widely studied immune modulator extracted from a marine sponge, shows its effect in vivo via presentation on CD1d molecule, MHC I like molecule bound glycolipid antigens, to NKT cells, a lymphocyte has both TCR and NK1.1, marker of T cells and NK cells respectively. The contradictory reports about α-GalCer are focused on two opposite axes of immune system: cancer and autoimmunity, failure and exaggeration of Th1 type immune response, respectively. In this study, the relation between the α-GalCer dose and the anergy was considered to clarify this dilemma. The groups of BALB/c mice were injected with various titer of α-GalCer intravenous way repeatedly and serum level of IFN-γ was measured with mouse IFN-γ ELISA. The Dramatic difference was found between groups after 2nd application of α-GalCer: Low dose α-GalCer boosted IFN-γ; however, high dose, usual dose cited in literature, failed to induce IFN-γ production. Besides, low concentrations of _-GalCer succeeded considerable amount of IFN-γ in the serum after priming. This results show that minute level of α-GalCer can be recognized by NKT cells, and repeated in vivo application of low dose α-GalCer can improve Th1 capabilities of the immune system.
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