Intravascular Shunt in Management of Limb Trauma- A Review

Bushra Saad Alghamdi,Shahd Ali H Alramadhan,Mohammad Nabil Khojah,Shda Fahad Khalil,Abdulaziz Munahi Alanazi,Daliah Abdulrahman Alharbi,Salman Abdulrahman Alhumud,Falah Bader Alhajraf,Hashem Bark Awadh Abood,Wejdan Nawaf Mesfer Alotaibi,Asia Abdullah Alamri

doi:10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i40a32244

Abstract

 Vascular injuries to the upper or lower limb in the context of significant soft tissue loss, fractures, or other life-threatening injuries are associated with a high amputation rate. Complex extremity vascular injuries in which acute arterial insufficiency combined with severe or prolonged shocks are unacceptable because warm, warm, skeletal muscle time is often exceeded before adequate revascularization, and are associated with extended ischemia periods or fractures or soft tissue wounds. Revascularizing the limb is essential for the success of the limb rescue. Selective intravascular temporary shunting hence allows better overall care of the patient and can therefore be predicted to increase both limb rescue and patient survival rates. The aim of this article was to review and summarize results of previous literature regarding effectiveness on intravascular shunting as management of limb trauma as well as reviewing its potential complications.

Highlights

Every year, trauma causes around 41 million emergency department visits and 2.3 million hospital admissions in the United States
Vascular trauma can occur as a result of iatrogenic, penetrating, or blunt injuries to the extremities; penetrating trauma accounts for 80% of occurrences [1]
A searching of databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO using the following terms in different combinations: trauma, limb, extremity, shunting, revascularization, surgery along with other key words

Summary

Introduction

Trauma causes around 41 million emergency department visits and 2.3 million hospital admissions in the United States. Extremity vascular injury affects around 0.5–4% of all trauma hospitalizations. Vascular trauma can occur as a result of iatrogenic, penetrating, or blunt injuries to the extremities; penetrating trauma accounts for 80% of occurrences [1]. Vascular injuries to the upper or lower limb, especially when combined with severe soft tissue loss, fractures, or other life-threatening injuries, are linked with a high amputation rate. In addition to a wide range of soft-tissue issues affecting the skin, muscles and tendons, or the neurovasculature, the underlying cause of damage and subsequent consequences has often been connected with other corporate and organs regions with a systemic compromise potential [3]

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