Intraprostatic distribution of lomefloxacin following multiple-dose administration

Abstract

The ability of lomefloxacin to penetrate and distribute within the human prostate was assessed in 20 patients undergoing elective prostate surgery (18 transurethral prostatic resections and 2 prostatectomies). Subjects were middle-aged to elderly (mean age +/- standard deviation, 69.8 +/- 8.2 years) with normal hepatic function and with creatinine clearances ranging from 35.8 to 141 ml/min/1.73 m2. Lomefloxacin was administered in 400-mg doses orally every 24 h. Its disposition was characterized following the third dose by obtaining multiple serum samples and intraoperative paired central zone and peripheral zone prostate tissue samples. Lomefloxacin concentrations were determined by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection. Concentrations in serum during the perioperative period declined from 3.1 +/- 1.0 mg/liter (mean +/- standard deviation) at 1 h postdose to 2.3 +/- 0.7 mg/liter at 6 h postdose. The time of tissue extraction ranged from 0.1 to 7.1 h postdose. Intraoperative serum lomefloxacin concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 4.8 (median, 2.4) mg/liter, while prostate tissue concentrations ranged from 1.1 to 10.1 (median, 5.4) mg/kg of tissue for the central zone and 0.9 to 6.5 (median, 5.2) mg/kg for the peripheral zone. Intraindividual paired prostate concentrations (central zone versus peripheral zone) were not statistically different. The partition coefficient (ratio of concentration in prostate to concentration in serum) for the central zone was 2.2 +/- 0.6 (range, 1.2 to 3.1), and for the peripheral zone it was 2.1 +/- 0.7 (range, 1.2 to 4.2). Lomefloxacin exhibited good penetration into the human prostate with homogeneous intraprostatic distribution following multiple-dose administration.