Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a novel optical imaging modality, which has recently found diverse applications in the medical field. HSI is a hybrid imaging modality, combining a digital photographic camera with a spectrographic unit, and it allows for a contactless and non-destructive biochemical analysis of living tissue. HSI provides quantitative and qualitative information of the tissue composition at molecular level in a contrast-free manner, hence making it possible to objectively discriminate between different tissue types and between healthy and pathological tissue. Over the last two decades, HSI has been increasingly used in the medical field, and only recently it has found an application in the operating room. In the last few years, several research groups have used this imaging modality as an intraoperative guidance tool within different surgical disciplines. Despite its great potential, HSI still remains far from being routinely used in the daily surgical practice, since it is still largely unknown to most of the surgical community. The aim of this study is to provide clinical surgeons with an overview of the capabilities, current limitations, and future directions of HSI for intraoperative guidance.
Highlights
Over the last few decades, the impressive advances in the fields of computer science and imaging technologies have increased the machine/clinician synergy, bringing precision medicine into the current clinical practice [1]
The aim of this study is to provide a snapshot for the surgical audience of the diverse applications of hyperspectral imaging as an intraoperative imaging tool, supported by human and experimental studies, and to discuss its current limitations and possible future directions
Fluorescence angiography (FA), a modality using the injection of an exogenous fluorophore, typically indocyanine green (ICG), has found a wide acceptance within the surgical community [70]
Summary
Over the last few decades, the impressive advances in the fields of computer science and imaging technologies have increased the machine/clinician synergy, bringing precision medicine into the current clinical practice [1]. The ideal intraoperative imaging modality should be safe and user-friendly to smoothly fit within the operating workflow [2,3] It should provide reproducible and quantitative results without the need for an exogenous labelling agent [4], enriching the surgeon with additional useful information and assistance in the decision-making process. In this view, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) displays most of the features of the ideal intraoperative imaging technology, as it can provide a qualitative and quantitative snapshot of the biological tissue’s chemical properties in a non-invasive, radiation-free, label-free, and user-friendly manner. The aim of this study is to provide a snapshot for the surgical audience of the diverse applications of hyperspectral imaging as an intraoperative imaging tool, supported by human and experimental studies, and to discuss its current limitations and possible future directions
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