Intraoperative autologous transfusion during major aortic reconstructive procedures.

Abstract

To evaluate the benefits and disadvantages of autologous intraoperative transfusion during major aortic reconstructive procedures, we retrospectively studied 50 patients who had major aortic revascularization procedures without the use of autologous transfusion devices (group 1) and prospectively evaluated a second 50-patient cohort having similar procedures, but with the use of the autologous transfusion device for salvaging and reinfusing lost blood. Both groups were assessed for preoperative risk factors and postoperative complications. We found a somewhat lower morbidity in the autotransfusion group and more complete replacement of blood loss. Autologous transfusion accounted for approximately 75% of all transfused blood in group 2, tremendously reducing blood bank requirements. In addition to reduction of immediate postoperative morbidity, further risks associated with homologous transfusion such as hemolysis, posttransfusion hepatitis, transfusion-related acute lung injury, anaphylaxis, and transfusion-transmitted acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were markedly reduced or eliminated.