Abstract
Treatment of children with congenital tracheal stenosis is still a pressing issue both for surgeons and intensivists. Initially the interventions were performed in the setting of one-lung ventilation (OVL) using artificial circulation and in some cases extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was applied. N.F. Filatov Children’s State Clinical Hospital No. 13 was the first hospital in Russia where 5 surgeries in children with developmental defects of trachea and bronchi who received ECMO intraoperatively were performed in 2013-2014. The intraoperative use of ECMO was essential due to several reasons: first, patients with congenital tracheal stenosis often suffer from inflammatory diseases of the lungs and upper respiratory tracts which in its turn leads to parenchymal insufficiency; second, tests with the usage of one-lung artificial ventilation show a considerable decrease in oxygenation and oxygen tension in the blood in this group of patients.
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