Intraocular pressure negatively correlates with serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma is a blinding eye disease, the hallmark of which is elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). Glaucoma is nearly impossible to diagnose and treat without expensive equipment and IOP reduction, respectively. Hence, the need for a biomarker is an aid in diagnosis and an alternative treatment option to IOP reduction. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may serve as both a biomarker and a therapeutic option. However, the exact role of BDNF and its dynamics during glaucoma is not well demonstrated, especially in a Sub-Saharan African population. This study, therefore, examines the serum levels of BDNF and its relationship with IOP. Patients and Methods: Intraocular pressure (IOP) and serum BDNF were measured in 44 glaucoma patients and 41 controls. Results: Glaucoma patients had higher IOP compared to controls. They also had higher BDNF (2.578 ± 0.210) compared to controls (1.745 ± 0.111). Glaucoma patients on medications had higher BDNF (3.086 ± 0.180) compared to those not on medications (0.605 ± 0.116). Serum BDNF significantly correlated with IOP. Conclusion: In conclusion, glaucoma patients have higher IOP and serum BDNF concentrations compared to nonglaucoma controls. IOP negatively correlates with serum BDNF in patients with glaucoma. Untreated glaucoma appears to decrease serum levels of BDNF, whereas treatment of the condition increases it. Serum BDNF may serve as a potential therapeutic target and useful diagnostic and monitoring tool in the management of glaucoma.