Abstract
PurposeTo investigate the changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by 3-diopter (3 D) accommodation in progressing myopes, stable myopes and emmetropes.DesignCross-sectional study.Participants318 subjects including 270 myopes and 48 emmetropes.Methods195 progressing myopes, 75 stable myopes and 48 emmetropes participated in this study. All subjects had their IOP measured using iCare rebound tonometer while accommodative stimuli of 0 D and 3 D were presented.Main Outcome MeasuresIOP values without accommodation and with 3 D accommodation were measured in all subjects. Baseline IOPs and IOP changes were compared within and between groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in IOPs between progressing myopes, stable myopes and emmetropes when no accommodation was induced (17.47±3.46, 16.62±2.98 and 16.80±3.62 respectively, p>0.05). IOP experienced an insignificantly slight decrease after 3 D accommodation in three groups (mean change -0.19±2.16, -0.03±1.68 and -0.39±2.65 respectively, p>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed in progressing myopic group, IOP of children (<18 years old) declined with accommodation while IOP of adults (≥18 years) increased, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.008). However, after excluding the age factor, accommodation induced IOP changes of high progressing myopes (≤-6 D), low, moderate and non-myopes (>-6 D) was not significantly different after Bonferroni correction (p = 0.838).ConclusionsAlthough no difference was detected between the baseline IOPs and accommodation induced IOP changes in progressing myopes, stable myopes and emmetropes, this study found accommodation could cause transient IOP elevation in adult progressing myopes.
Highlights
Biomechanics has long been considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of myopia[1,2,3]
There was no significant difference in Intraocular pressure (IOP) between progressing myopes, stable myopes and emmetropes when no accommodation was induced (17.47±3.46, 16.62±2.98 and 16.80±3.62 respectively, p>0.05)
Subgroup analysis showed in progressing myopic group, IOP of children (
Summary
Biomechanics has long been considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of myopia[1,2,3]. Intraocular pressure (IOP), as a kind of mechanical force, has been hypothesized to be one of several factors implicated in the initiation and development of myopia[4,5,6,7]. Some studies[4, 6] reported that the mean IOP value of myopes was significantly higher than that of emmetropes. Some authors proposed that elevated IOP could result in myopic axial elongation and promote myopia development. There were few longitudinal studies[8] that could elucidate whether the IOP elevation was the cause of axial elongation or just a matter of result. There were several studies[5, 7] reported conflicting results that no difference of IOP was identified between myopes and emmetropes. The exact influence of IOP on axial length and human refractive error development remains poorly understood
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