Abstract
Urinary stones are a common urologic problem that can be manifested as an intense pain, known as renal colic. Pain control is an important intervention for the emergency treatment of renal colic patients. Intranasal ketamine can form a crucial part of such interventions by offering a new route for a widely-used analgesic drug. In a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial, adults with renal colic admitted to a tertiary hospital emergency department were examined. The intervention group received 1mg/kg intranasal (IN) ketamine and 1ml of saline as a placebo. The control group received 0.1mg/kg intravenous (IV) morphine and four puffs of saline as the placebo. The pain score was measured on the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) 0, 15, 30 and 60min after the drug administration. A total of 184 patients enrolled in this study in two parallel groups. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of pain intensity at the time of their referral (P = 0.489), 15min post-dose (P = 0.204), 30min post-dose (P = 0.978) and 60min post-dose (P = 0.648). IN ketamine is as effective as IV morphine for pain control in renal colic patients. No remarkable side-effects were observed for IN ketamine use in these patients.
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