Abstract
A fracture is the most dangerous complication of osteoporosis in patients because the associated disability and mortality rates are high. Osteoporosis impairs fracture healing and prognosis, but how intramembranous ossification (IO) or endochondral ossification (EO) during fracture healing are affected and whether these two kinds of ossification are different between glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) and estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis (EDOP) are poorly understood. In this study, we established two bone repair models that exhibited repair via IO or EO and compared the pathological progress of each under GIOP and EDOP. In the cortical drill-hole model, which is repaired through IO, osteogenic differentiation was more seriously impaired in EDOP at the early stage than in GIOP. In the periosteum scratch model, in which EO is replicated, chondrocyte hypertrophy progression was delayed in both GIOP and EDOP. The in vitro results were consistent with the in vivo results. Our study is the first to establish bone repair models in which IO and EO occur separately, and the results strongly describe the differences in bone repair between GIOP and EDOP.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by systemically decreased bone mass and bone microarchitecture destruction, with an increased risk of fracture[1]
The bone mineral density (BMD), relative bone volume over total volume (BV/TV), and trabecular number (Tb.N) in the distal femur were significantly lower in groups glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) and estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis (EDOP) than in group CON (Supplemental Fig. 1B–D)
No significant differences in BMD, BV/TV, or Tb.N were evident between the GIOP and EDOP mice, while the Tb.Sp was slightly higher in the EDOP mice than in the GIOP mice
Summary
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by systemically decreased bone mass and bone microarchitecture destruction, with an increased risk of fracture[1]. The proliferation ability and differentiation potential of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) from both osteoporosis models were evaluated and compared in vitro, enabling our understanding of the in vivo repair process. Intramembranous ossification was impaired more seriously in EDOP than in GIOP at the early stage of bone repair.
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