Abstract
Poor bone quality at implant recipient site is a major risk factor for implant failure. The purpose of this study is to examine the potential of intramarrow bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene delivery for local bone quality improvement. Adenoviral vector encoding human BMP4 (Ad-BMP4) was constructed. Adenovirus encoding β-galactosidase (Ad-LacZ) was used as a control virus. Ad-BMP4 and Ad-LacZ were injected into femurs of ovariectomized rabbits. The temporal changes in bone mineral density at injected areas were determined by repeated measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after injection. The effects of gene delivery on cortical bone and cancellous bone were evaluated by microcomputed tomography analysis and histologic examination at 8 weeks. The bone mineral density of the BMP4 group was significantly higher than the LacZ group at 4 and 8 weeks by 61% and 35%, respectively. Results from microcomputed tomography analysis and histologic examination at 8 weeks indicated thicker cortical bone and denser cancellous bone in the BMP4 group compared to the LacZ group. Intramarrow gene delivery of BMP4 effectively improved local bone quality for at least 8 weeks. The sustained delivery of osteogenic factors via local gene therapy approach may reduce implant failures associated with poor local bone quality.
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