Abstract
Intraduodenal activity of taste receptors reduces food intake. Taste receptors are expressed throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract. Currently, there are no data available on the effects of distal taste receptor activation. In this study, we investigate the effect of intraduodenal and/or intraileal activation of taste receptors on food intake and satiety. In a single-blind randomized crossover trial, fourteen participants were intubated with a naso-duodenal-ileal catheter and received four infusion regimens: duodenal placebo and ileal placebo (DPIP), duodenal tastants and ileal placebo (DTIP), duodenal placebo and ileal tastants (DPIT), duodenal tastants and ileal tastants (DTIT). Fifteen minutes after cessation of infusion, subjects received an ad libitum meal to measure food intake. Visual analog scale scores for satiety feelings were collected at regular intervals. No differences in food intake were observed between the various interventions (DPIP: 786.6 ± 79.2 Kcal, DTIP: 803.3 ± 69.0 Kcal, DPIT: 814.7 ± 77.3 Kcal, DTIT: 834.8 ± 59.2 Kcal, p = 0.59). No differences in satiety feelings were observed. Intestinal infusion of tastants using a naso-duodenal-ileal catheter did not influence food intake or satiety feelings. Possibly, the burden of the four-day naso-duodenal-ileal intubation masked a small effect that tastants might have on food intake and satiety.
Highlights
Obesity is considered a major healthcare problem with worldwide obesity almost being tripled since 1975 [1]
(11 female, the catheter for on the ad first test day, onefirst subject was excluded after not properly following the discomfort induced by the naso-ileal catheter, two subjects dropped out due to incorrect position
± 1.7onkg/m study protocol andvolunteers were included in the instructions for years, the ad body mass index (BMI)
Summary
Obesity is considered a major healthcare problem with worldwide obesity almost being tripled since 1975 [1]. There is an increasing need for non-invasive therapies for weight management. Gastrointestinal (GI) hormones, such as cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), have been shown to reduce food intake and hunger after intravenous administration [2,3,4]. The GI-tract is an interesting target for non-invasive therapies to reduce food intake and induce satiety/satiation. Intestinal macronutrient infusion decreases food intake and induces the release of CCK, GLP-1, and peptide YY (PYY) [5]. This mechanism is commonly referred to as intestinal- or ileal brake [6,7]
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