Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base composition, differential biochemical properties, and DNA:DNA hybridization patterns of listeriae were studied. DNA from Listeria monocytogenes, L. grayi, and L. murrayi contained 38 to 40 mole percent guanine plus cytosine (% GC); however, DNA from L. denitrificans contained 56% GC. Hybridization studies indicated that L. murrayi and L. grayi were closely related and formed a homogeneous genetic group distinct from L. monocytogenes. L. monocytogenes strains could be separated into two groups on the basis of percent reassociation values with L. monocytogenes 19303, the reference strain. One group of six strains showed 80 to 100% relative reassociation with strain 19303; four strains showed only 40 to 70% relative reassociation. There was no correlation between virulence, origin, or serotype and the degree of molecular relatedness to the reference strain. L. denitrificans was distinct from the other three species of Listeria in biochemical properties and DNA composition, and the relative reassociation values for DNA from L. denitrificans with DNA from other listeriae were very low. It is suggested that consideration be given to the reclassification of L. denitrificans.
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