Intracellular recordings of pontine medial gigantocellular tegmental field neurons in the naturally sleeping cat: behavioral state-related activity and soma size difference in order of recruitment

Abstract

Intracellular recordings and neurobiotin labeling of medial pontine gigantocellular tegmental field (m-PFTG) neurons in the undrugged, naturally sleeping cat were performed to establish the relationship between soma size and membrane potential (MP) activity before and during the onset of the rapid eye movement (REM) phase of sleep. Initial recordings without labeling revealed that recorded neurons in the m-PFTG had a tonic, sustained membrane depolarization in REM sleep as compared with more polarized MP levels in slow-wave sleep (S) and phasic depolarizations in wakefulness (W) on a more polarized MP level. In neurobiotin-labeled neurons, there was a strong correlation between the soma size of m-PFTG neurons and the ‘lead time’, the time of onset relative to the beginning of REM, of a sustained increase in membrane depolarization. Thirty-nine m-PFTG neurons with soma cross-sectional areas ranging from 2098 μm 2 to 5958 μm 2 (mean value 3833.8 μm 2) were analyzed. A majority of these m-PFTG neurons showed an increase in membrane depolarization associated with depolarizing postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) and spike generation that occurred before electrographic signs of REM sleep onset, while the rest of the neurons depolarized at the beginning of or just after REM sleep onset. Our previous work had suggested that many of these m-PFTG neurons were output neurons to the spinal cord. Analysis of the onset time of sustained membrane depolarization (Leadtime MP) revealed that larger cells had a longer lead time, while analysis of the lead times for onset of sustained PSPs and action potentials (Leadtime AP) showed this measure not to be dependent on soma size, but to be rather uniform, occurring just before the onset of REM sleep. Hence recruitment time, defined as the difference between Leadtime AP and Leadtime MP, was dependent on cell soma size, implying that larger neurons may take longer to depolarize to an MP level critical for generating sustained action potentials, while smaller neurons may require less time.