Abstract
BackgroundCardiac tuberculosis is rare and usually manifests as tuberculous pericarditis. Involvement of other part of the heart is unusual and descriptions in the pediatric literature are confined to few case reports regarding mainly myocardial tuberculosis.Case presentationWe describe a case of pulmonary miliary tuberculosis associated with intracardiac left atrial tuberculoma in an immunocompetent eleven-month-old infant successfully treated with surgery and antituberculous therapy.ConclusionAlthough unusual, involvement of endocardium in disseminated tuberculosis should be kept in mind.
Highlights
Cardiac tuberculosis is rare and usually manifests as tuberculous pericarditis
We report here a case of pulmonary miliary TB associated with intracardiac left atrial tuberculoma in an eleven-monthold infant successfully treated with surgery and antituberculous therapy
The infant completed 1 year of antituberculous therapy, recovered completely, and did well during the whole follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient reported with a cardiac tuberculoma and the first infant with an endocardial tuberculoma in a left heart chamber successfully treated
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten causes of death among children worldwide and it is a direct consequence of adult TB [1]. Case presentation An eleven-month-old female infant was referred to her local hospital for a 2-week history of intermittent fever, cough, dyspnea, night sweats and poor feeding. She was initially treated with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for presumed upper respiratory tract infection without improvement. On examination, she was underweight for age, had a temperature of 37.5°C, pulse was regular with a rate of 130 beats per minute, blood pressure was normal, transcutaneous oxygen saturation was 96% on room air, and respiration rate was 40 breaths per minute. The infant completed 1 year of antituberculous therapy, recovered completely, and did well during the whole follow-up
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