Abstract

Knee arthroscopy is a usual procedure in orthopedic surgery, which currently tends to be performed on an ambulatory basis. This underscores the need to provide the patient with efficient and safe analgesia. To assess the analgesic effect of intraarticular morphine after knee arthroscopy, as well as whether this effect is dose-dependent or whether, on the contrary, it is influenced by the patient's body mass index (BMI) or the duration of the procedure. The study analyzed 45 patients subjected to a knee arthroscopy at the Castelló General Hospital. They were randomly distributed across 3 groups (saline solution, 1 mg morphine chloride, 4 mg morphine chloride). For pain control, the visual analog scale (VAS) and the demand of rescue analgesia (metamizole 2 gr i.v.).In addition, a note was made of the time at which side effects occurred that could be attributed to the morphine chloride. Significant differences were found between the two morphine chloride groups and the control group regarding VAS scores at 24 hours. There were no significant differences in the remaining AVS measurements or in the demand of rescue analgesia. We did not observe a dose-dependent effect. There were no side effects that could be attributed to the intraarticular morphine chloride. The use of morphine chloride as an analgesic for patients undergoing knee arthroscopy is an effective and safe method. Larger study groups are necessary to find other statistically significant differences. La artroscopia de rodilla es una intervención frecuente en cirugía ortopédica, y últimamente se realiza sin ingreso, debiéndose proporcionar una analgesia eficaz y segura. Valorar el efecto analgésico de la morfina intraarticular tras artroscopia de rodilla, así como si este efecto es dosis dependiente o está influenciado por el índice de masa corporal del paciente o por la duración de la intervención. Se han incluido 45 pacientes intervenidos por artroscopia de rodilla en un hospital general. Se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en 3 grupos (suero fisiológico, 1 mg de cloruro mórfico, 4 mg de cloruro mórfico). Para el control del dolor se empleó la escala visual analógica (EVA) y la demanda de analgesia de rescate (metamizol 2 g intravenosos). También se recogió la hora a la que se presentaron efectos secundarios que podrían deberse al cloruro mórfico. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos con cloruro mórfico respecto al grupo control en las puntuaciones de la EVA a las 24 horas. No se apreciaron diferencias significativas en el resto de las mediciones de la EVA ni en la demanda de analgesia de rescate. No observamos efecto dosis dependiente. No aparecieron efectos secundarios que puedan asociarse al cloruro mórfico intraarticular. El uso del cloruro mórfico como analgesia en pacientes sometidos a artroscopia de rodilla es un método eficaz y seguro. Hacen falta grupos de estudio más numerosos para encontrar otras diferencias estadísticas.

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