Intra‐operative pathological diagnosis of chronic ulcerative colitis in the two stage ileal pouch anal anastomosis

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The definitive diagnostic biopsy for chronic ulcerative colitis (CUC) is the colon itself. Simultaneous colectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) means that the colon only becomes available for pathological assessment intra-operatively. We examined the role of intra-operative pathological assessment including frozen section in distinguishing between CUC and Crohn's colitis, inpatients undergoing simultaneous colectomy and IPAA. Prospective study of 13 patients undergoing simultaneous colectomy and IPAA between Jan 1992 and April 1999. Resected colon was sent for pathological assessment intra-operatively in all 13 patients. Comparison was made between final histology and frozen section. Patient outcome and pouch function was recorded prospectively. Thirteen patients, M:F 5:8, mean age 41 years (range 20-56). Intra-operative pathological assessment including frozen section diagnosed CUC in nine patients, Crohn's disease in two patients and indeterminate colitis in two patients. The two Crohn's patients had subtotal colectomy and ileostomy. The nine CUC patients and two indeterminate colitis patients underwent IPAA. There was complete agreement between intra-operative assessment including frozen section and the final histopathology. At a median follow up of 31 months (8-58 months) all pouches were intact with good function. There has been no evidence of Crohn's disease on subsequent pouchoscopy and pouch biopsy. Pathological assessment, including frozen section of the colon, intra-operatively is a useful adjunct to surgical decision making in those patients undergoing simultaneous colectomy and IPAA.