Abstract
It is primarily important to define the standard features and factors that affect dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for their broader use in tissue engineering. This study aimed to verify whether DPSCs isolated from various teeth extracted from the same donor exhibit intra-individual variability and what the consequences are for their differentiation potential. The heterogeneity determination was based on studying the proliferative capacity, viability, expression of phenotypic markers, and relative length of telomere chromosomes. The study included 14 teeth (6 molars and 8 premolars) from six different individuals ages 12 to 16. We did not observe any significant intra-individual variability in DPSC size, proliferation rate, viability, or relative telomere length change within lineages isolated from different teeth but the same donor. The minor non-significant variances in phenotype were probably mainly because DPSC cell lines comprised heterogeneous groups of undifferentiated cells independent of the donor. The other variances were seen in DPSC lineages isolated from the same donor, but the teeth were in different stages of root development. We also did not observe any changes in the ability of cells to differentiate into mature cell lines—chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes. This study is the first to analyze the heterogeneity of DPSC dependent on a donor.
Highlights
IntroductionDental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are adult multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1]
The uniqueness of Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) mainly lies in the ease of accessibility, high proliferative potential, and broad cell spectrum multipotency [9]
DPSCs isolated from various from the same exhibit intra-individual variability and teeth whatextracted the consequences are donor for their differentiat intra-individual variability and what the consequences are for theiramong differentiation potential
Summary
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are adult multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1]. As such, they are capable of differentiation in mesodermal or neuroectodermal cells, including odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, neurocytes, hepatocytes, melanocytes, or cells producing insulin [2,3,4,5]. The uniqueness of DPSCs mainly lies in the ease of accessibility, high proliferative potential, and broad cell spectrum multipotency [9]. Their high plasticity and multipotential capacity to differentiate into a large array of tissues can be explained by their neural crest origin [10]. Beneficial features of DPSCs have been demonstrated, for example, in central and peripheral nerve cell regeneration and repair after mechanical or ischemic damage [12,13,14,15,16], in accelerated repair of neuro-ophthalmic nerves and the eye [17,18,19,20], repair of bone or cartilage [21,22,23], or regeneration of liver fibrosis [24]
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