Abstract
Simple SummaryThis study evaluates the qualitative and quantitative differences between 124-iodine PET/CT and PET/MR in oncologic patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy. The impact of improved MR-based attenuation correction (AC) using a bone atlas was analysed in PET/MR data. Despite different patient positioning and AC methods PET/CT and PET/MR provide overall comparable results in a clinical setting. The overall number of detected 124I-active lesions and the measured average SUVmean values for congruent lesions were higher for PET/MR when compared to PET/CT. The addition of bone to the MR-based AC in PET/MR slightly increased the SUVmean values for all detected lesions.Background: This study evaluates the quantitative differences between 124-iodine (I) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and PET/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) in patients with resected differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Methods: N = 43 124I PET/CT and PET/MR exams were included. CT-based attenuation correction (AC) in PET/CT and MR-based AC in PET/MR with bone atlas were compared concerning bone AC in the head-neck region. AC-map artifacts (e.g., dentures) were noted. Standardized uptake values (SUV) were measured in lesions in each PET data reconstruction. Relative differences in SUVmean were calculated between PET/CT and PET/MR with bone atlas. Results: Overall, n = 111 124I-avid lesions were detected in all PET/CT, while n = 132 lesions were detected in PET/MR. The median in SUVmean for n = 98 congruent lesions measured in PET/CT was 12.3. In PET/MR, the median in SUVmean was 16.6 with bone in MR-based AC. Conclusions: 124I-PET/CT and 124I-PET/MR hybrid imaging of patients with DTC after thyroidectomy provides overall comparable quantitative results in a clinical setting despite different patient positioning and AC methods. The overall number of detected 124I-avid lesions was higher for PET/MR compared to PET/CT. The measured average SUVmean values for congruent lesions were higher for PET/MR.
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