Intra- and Extracellular Expression of Rabbit Reticulocyte 15-Lipoxygenase in the Baculovirus/Insect Cell System

Abstract

Rabbit reticulocyte 15-lipoxygenase was expressed as intracellular enzyme and as export protein in High Five cells. While intracellular expression in the baculovirus/insect cell system was already reported for various mammalian lipoxygenases, we have developed a strategy for secretion of this cytosolic enzyme using the signal sequence of human interleukin-2. Expression levels of 10 mg/liter (intracellular strategy) and 18 mg/liter (extracellular strategy) were obtained. The recombinant enzyme expressed as intracellular protein was purified to apparent homogeneity by anion-exchange chromatography on a Mono-Q column with an overall recovery of 80% enzyme activity. For the final enzyme preparation, a specific linoleic acid oxygenase activity of 16.7 micromol 13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dieic acid formation mg-1 min-1 was determined, which corresponds to a molecular turnover number of 21 s-1. Similar turnover rates have been reported for the native rabbit 15-lipoxygenase. Extracellularly expressed recombinant 15-lipoxygenase exhibited a heterogeneity in anion-exchange chromatography. Three major peaks of 15-lipoxygenase activity were eluted from a Mono-Q column and the relative amounts of these isoforms varied from batch to batch of enzyme expression. One of the major isoenzymes which cochromatographed with the native 15-lipoxygenase was purified to homogeneity from the cell-free culture supernatant and exhibited a specific activity of 5.1 micromol 13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoic acid formation mg-1 min-1 (turnover rate of 6.1 s-1). The recombinant enzyme species were characterized with respect to their protein-chemical and enzymatic properties and no differences to the native rabbit 15-lipoxygenase were detected.