Abstract
ObjectivesTo determine the impact of intimate partner violence on women’s mental and physical health over a 16 year period and across three generations.ParticipantsParticipants were from the Australian Longitudinal study on Women’s Health, a broadly representative national sample of women comprised of three birth cohorts 1973–78, 1946–51 and 1921–26 who were randomly selected from the Australian Medicare (i.e. national health insurer) database in 1996 to participate in the longitudinal health and wellbeing survey. Since baseline, six waves of survey data have been collected. Women from each cohort who had returned all six surveys and had a baseline measure (Survey 1) for intimate partner violence were eligible for the current study.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome of interest was women’s physical and mental health, measured using the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form (SF-36). The experience of intimate partner violence was measured using the survey item ‘Have you ever been in a violent relationship with a partner/spouse?’ Sociodemographic information was also collected.ResultsFor all cohorts, women who had lived with intimate partner violence were more likely to report poorer mental health, physical function and general health, and higher levels of bodily pain. Some generational differences existed. Younger women showed a reduction in health associated with the onset of intimate partner violence, which was not apparent for women in the older two groups. In addition, the physical health differences between women born 1921–26 who had and had not experienced intimate partner violence tapered off overtime, whereas these differences remained constant for women born 1973–78 and 1946–51.ConclusionsDespite generational differences, intimate partner violence adversely impacted on mental and physical health over the 16 year study period and across generations.
Highlights
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is experienced by an estimated 30% of women worldwide [1] and has devastating impacts on the lives of women who have this experience
Participants were from the Australian Longitudinal study on Women’s Health, a broadly representative national sample of women comprised of three birth cohorts 1973–78, 1946–51 and 1921–26 who were randomly selected from the Australian Medicare database in 1996 to participate in the longitudinal health and wellbeing survey
Women who had lived with intimate partner violence were more likely to report poorer mental health, physical function and general health, and higher levels of bodily pain
Summary
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is experienced by an estimated 30% of women worldwide [1] and has devastating impacts on the lives of women who have this experience. Wilke and Vinton [20] found that women over the age of 45 who had experienced IPV had higher rates of chronic mental and physical health conditions compared to women aged 18 to and those aged to 44. The conclusions that can be drawn are limited as the study only included women who had experienced abuse It is unclear whether the poorer health of the oldest age group is due to a different interaction between abuse and health, or because health generally deteriorates with increasing age. There is a need to investigate whether the negative impact of experiencing IPV on physical and mental health persists across time, and whether this relationship varies between different generations of women and in relation to IPV onset
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