Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:To determine the prevalence and types of violence suffered by women and to identify the gender attitudes related to the situation.Methods:This was a descritive, cross-sectional study incluiding 343 women who were assisted at the Brazilian Public Health System in countryside city in northeastern of Brazil. All participants were volunteers and they invited to participate during consultation at a Basic Health Unit. As participants, they filled out the World Health Organization Violence Against Women Questionnaire and responded to a sociodemographic questionnaire.Results:The victims were, on average, 20.3 years old, and 53.2% of them were married. There was a prevalence of 52.9% of psychological violence, 30.5% of physical violence, and 12.3% of sexual violence. Participants reported alcoholism (67%) and jealousy (60.8%) as triggers to violence. The main psychological abuses were insults and humiliation. In terms of physical violence, the major ones were pushes and slaps. The sexual violence most reportedwere sexual intercourse against the will of the woman and sexual intercourse because of fear of the partner. A portion of the participants justified violence due to women’s infidelity, refusal to have sex, and disobedience to her husband.Conclusion:Education in gender equality as a measure of opposition to the culture of female subjugation can reflect on the resignification of the violence suffered by them, and not on blaming the victim of violence by an intimate partner.
Highlights
IntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO) considers violence against women a public health problem, with consequences for families and economy.[1]
The World Health Organization (WHO) considers violence against women a public health problem, with consequences for families and economy.[1]. Among the forms of violence, the intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of them that has an impact on human rights, which is commonly committed by men against their partners.[2,3]
At the time of this study, the Human Development Index (HDI) of the region was 0.679.(12) Data collection occurred between January 12 and December 20, 2018 in a specific office designated by the Basic Health Unit to ensure confidentiality of participants
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO) considers violence against women a public health problem, with consequences for families and economy.[1]. The United Nations General Assembly issued a document that characterizes violence against women,(4) in an attempt to improve the production of data on violence to establish more different public policies to prevent and eradicate such violence in the world.[6] Among these policies there are the Convention of Belém do Pará, promoted by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, which indicates possible actions to punish and eradicate violence against women.[7] In addition, the law #11.340 issued by the Brazilian government, namely Maria da Penha’s law that intensifies the rigor of punishments against violence suffered by women,(8) and provide more support to Brazilian institutions to guarantee health and prevent violence.[9] Among these Brazilian institutions is the Brazilian Public Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde) has an important role to receive and treat women victims of IPV. Primary Health Care (PHC), the front door of the Brazilian Public Health System, provides the first care for violence victims, in addition, PHC is responsible to provide the necessary treatments for them to recover from the violence suffered.[10]
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