Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the left and right common carotid arteries (CCA) as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Methods This was a case-control study involving patients with CSCR and a matched healthy control group. The mean and difference of the left and right CCA IMT were determined and compared between the two groups using carotid duplex high-resolution B-mode ultrasound equipment. Results The study enrolled 32 CSCR patients (68.8% female, mean age 38.22 ± 5.42 years) and 32 controls (65.6% female, mean age 39.56 ± 5.33 years). The difference in common carotid IMT between the right and left sides was significantly greater in the CSCR group than in the control group (p < 0.001). Additionally, according to logistic regression analysis, patients with CSCR had a greater chance of having differences in IMT between the two sides when compared to the control group (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.09–1.52). Conclusion Our findings indicated that in the CSCR group, the difference between the right and left sides of CCA IMT was significantly greater than in the control group.
Highlights
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) typically affects young to middle-aged adults, characterized by serous detachment of the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) at the posterior pole [1, 2].CSCR is sometimes idiopathic, meaning that the cause is unknown
E study population consisted of patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of acute or chronic CSCR with unilateral involvement referred to Feiz Hospital’s outpatients’ clinic, an ophthalmology referral center affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, between April 2019 and April 2020. e healthy control group was comparable to the patient group in terms of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). e healthy control group was composed of healthy subjects who did not have any acute or chronic health problems or a history of drug use. e study was conducted following the Helsinki Declaration guidelines, and written informed consent was obtained from each subject before the study’s commencement
E diagnosis of CSCR was based on clinical findings by an expert retina fellowship and confirmed with ocular imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) if needed [5]
Summary
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) typically affects young to middle-aged adults, characterized by serous detachment of the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) at the posterior pole [1, 2].CSCR is sometimes idiopathic, meaning that the cause is unknown. The exact pathophysiologic mechanism of CSCR is unknown, it is believed that CSCR represents a choroidal vasculopathic disorder [5, 6]. CSCR is associated with several risk factors and conditions, including systemic glucocorticosteroid use, male sex, high educational attainment, high income, smoking, Helicobacter pylori infection, stress, and hyperopia [7, 8]. A previous study demonstrated that type-A personality, Cushing’s syndrome, systemic hypertension, retinal vascular occlusive diseases, and obstructive sleep apnea may be associated with CSCR [1, 2, 8,9,10,11]. E possible explanation for these associations is that elevated cortisol and epinephrine levels affect the choroidal circulation’s autoregulation [9] A previous study demonstrated that type-A personality, Cushing’s syndrome, systemic hypertension, retinal vascular occlusive diseases, and obstructive sleep apnea may be associated with CSCR [1, 2, 8,9,10,11]. e possible explanation for these associations is that elevated cortisol and epinephrine levels affect the choroidal circulation’s autoregulation [9]
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