Abstract
What is already known about this topic?Intestinal protozoa are common pathogens of diarrhea globally. However, the etiology of diarrhea due to intestinal protozoan infections in China is not known.What is added by this report?Based on active syndromic surveillance in Shanghai, Zhenjiang, and Danyang during 2011–2015 and 2019–2021, 89 (1.67%) patients were infected with intestinal protozoa (Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Cyclospora cayetanensis), and positivity rates statistically differed by region and age. What are the implications for public health practice?This was the most comprehensive data collection in investigating parasitic diarrheal diseases in humans. Identification of these protozoa in diarrhea will provide new perspectives for detecting hidden etiological agents of diarrhea as early as possible.
Highlights
Syndromic surveillance as a type of active surveillance has been widely applied to safeguard activities of mass gatherings in past years [1], it is being used to monitor diarrheal disease trends for the early detection of emergent public health events
Due to numerous foodborne and waterborne outbreaks of intestinal protozooses, such as cryptosporidiosis [2], giardiasis [3], microsporosis [4], and cyclosporiasis [5] worldwide, interest in these pathogens related to diarrheal disease has increased
Epidemiological status and characteristics of intestinal protozoan infections in diarrheal populations have not been studied in detail in China
Summary
Intestinal Protozoan Infections in Patients with Diarrhea — Shanghai Municipality, Zhenjiang City, and Danyang. Based on active syndromic surveillance in Shanghai, Zhenjiang, and Danyang during 2011–2015 and 2019–2021, 89 (1.67%) patients were infected with intestinal protozoa (Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Cyclospora cayetanensis), and positivity rates statistically differed by region and age. This was the most comprehensive data collection in investigating parasitic diarrheal diseases in humans Identification of these protozoa in diarrhea will provide new perspectives for detecting hidden etiological agents of diarrhea as early as possible. This study aimed to understand the etiology and epidemiological characteristics of these intestinal protozoan infections in patients with diarrhea from study areas, including Shanghai Municipality, Zhenjiang City, and Danyang City, during the implementation results in 12th FiveYear Plan period and 13th Five-Year Plan period. Following the manufacturer’s instructions, genomic DNA was directly extracted from 180–200 mg of fecal specimens using a QIAamp DNA stool mini kit (QIAgen 51504, QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany), eluted in 200 μL of elution buffer, and stored at −20 °C for pending polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis
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