Intestinal Oxalate Absorption is Higher in Idiopathic Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers Than in Healthy Controls: Measurements With the [ 13C 2]Oxalate Absorption Test

Abstract

We assessed the importance of oxalate hyperabsorption for idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis, oxalate absorption in healthy volunteers and recurrent calcium oxalate stone formers was compared. The [(13)C2]oxalate absorption test, a standardized, radioactivity-free test, was performed. On 2 days 24-hour urine was collected and an identical standard diet containing 800 mg Ca daily was maintained. On the morning of day 2 a capsule containing 0.37 mmol sodium [(13)C2]oxalate was ingested. A total of 120 healthy volunteers (60 women and 60 men) and 120 patients (30 women and 90 men) with idiopathic CaOx urolithiasis (60% or greater CaOx) were tested. Mean intestinal oxalate absorption in the volunteers was 8.0 +/- 4.4%, and in the patients was 10.2 +/- 5.2% (p <0.001). There was no significant difference in mean absorption values between men and women within both groups. A high overlap between the absorption values of volunteers and patients was found. Only in the patient group did absorption values greater than 20% occur. Oxalate absorption correlated with oxalate excretion in the patients, r = 0.529 (p <0.01) and in the volunteers, r = 0.307 (p <0.01). In high oxalate absorbers dietary oxalate has a significant role in oxalate excretion and, therefore, increases the risk of calcium oxalate stone formation.