Intestinal Lavage in the Complex Treatment for Corrosive Poisoning

Abstract

BACKGROUND. The high incidence of various complications and the persistent mortality remain relevant to the search for new approaches in the treatment of victims with poisoning by corrosive substances. OBJECTIVE. To increase the effectiveness of the therapeutic complex in case of corrosive poisoning by adding intestinal lavage. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We examined 73 patients (34.3 % of women and 65.7 % of men) with acute oral poisoning by acetic acid (35.6 % of the total number of patients) and alkali — NaOH (64.4 %) aged from 27 to 65 years (43 (33.0; 56.0) years). Endoscopic examination before the start of treatment in all the patients revealed 2–3rd degree chemical burns of the mucous membrane of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach. The treatment of 38 patients (study group) included intestinal lavage using an enteral solution in a volume of 4.5 liters in the first 6 hours after taking the poison. The comparison group consisted of 35 patients who received standard therapy. The groups were identical in age, sex, type and severity of poisoning. RESULTS. Patients who received intestinal lavage showed a clear positive dynamics of the process of cleansing the affected areas of the mucous membrane of the esophagus and stomach from necrotic masses and the appearance of granulations already on the 5th day. In the comparison group, by this time there were no signs of healing of local defects in the mucous membrane of the esophagus and stomach. CONCLUSION. The inclusion of intestinal lavage in the treatment complex helps reduce the regeneration time of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract in case of damage and inflammation caused by poisoning by corrosive substances, a decrease in the incidence of extraintestinal complications, in particular pneumonia (by 17.1 %), which is reflected in a decrease in mortality (by 5.7%) and a decrease in the duration of hospitalization by 2.1 times.