Intestinal Giardiasis at UPFR Parasitology-Mycology of CHU-JRA Antananarivo, Madagascar

Abstract

Introduction: Giardiasis is an intestinal parasitosis extremely widespread in the world but under-diagnosed in Madagascar. It is often asymptomatic. It can be fatal due to intestinal malabsorption syndrome. This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological-clinical aspect of giardiasis in Antananarivo and to determine the relevance of prescribing the KAOP stool examination for its diagnosis. Materials and methods: We report the results of a retrospective study of 2154 KAOP stool examinations performed at the Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory of the CHU-JRA over a 13-year period from June 2005 to June 2018. Results. The positivity rate for intestinal parasitosis was 58.36% or 1257 out of 2154 files examined. We found a prevalence of 1.76% (38/2154) of all claims and a frequency of 3.2% (38/1257) compared to other parasitoses. We found a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.8. The average age was 20.46 years, of which 39.47% (15/38) were under 10 years of age. Abdominal pain were the main reasons for requesting tests. Only the cystic form of Giardia duodenalis was found, of which 28.95% (11 cases) were isolated and 71.05% (27) were associated with one or more parasites. Conclusion: Giardiasis is a parasitosis with a harmful effect on children. It is still under-diagnosed in Madagascar. Compliance with the prescription of 3 successive stool examinations allows a diagnosis of certainty.