Intestinal atresia: histopathologist view

Abstract

Background: Intestinal atresia forms one of a common cause for intestinal obstruction in neonates. There is a debate about its pathogenesis and many theories have been suggested. Studies regarding its clinical and histomorphological features are less in Indian literature. The present study aimed to determine the clinical and histomorphological features of cases of intestinal atresia.Methods: Thirty-nine cases of intestinal atresia were studied both retrospectively (twenty-six) and prospectively (thirteen) over a period of two years. Their clinical and histomorphological features were studied.Results: Intestinal obstruction was most common clinical diagnosis. Type II atresia was most common. Ileal atresia was highest in number. Associated congenital anomalies noted were situs inversus with splenunculi, patent vitelo-intestinal duct, duplication cyst, Meckel’s diverticulum, ileocecal web, duodenal web and omphalocele. Histological features such as inspissated meconium, calcification, ulceration, fibrosis, thick-walled vessels, edema were noted.Conclusions: Findings such as mucosal edema, congestion, ulceration, submucosal edema, thick-walled blood vessels, fibrosis, hemorrhage, transmural ischemia, calcification, suggest that an intra vascular accident may be responsible for origin of the atresia.