Abstract
Schools are particularly suitable contexts for the implementation of interventions focused on adolescent sexual behavior. Sexual education and promotion have a multidisciplinary nature. Nurses’ role and the spectrum of the carried-out interventions is not clear. We aimed to identify interventions that promote a healthy sexuality among school adolescents. Our review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews and was registered in the Open Science Framework. Published articles on sexuality in adolescents in school contexts were considered. The research limitations included primary studies; access in full text in English, Spanish, or Portuguese; and no data publication limitation. Research was carried out on the EBSCOhost, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science platforms; gray literature and the bibliographies of selected articles were also searched. A total of 56 studies were included in the sample. The studies used a broad range of research methods, and 10 types of interventions were identified. Multi-interventional programs and socio-emotional interventions showed a greater impact on long-term behavioral changes, and continuity seemed to be a key factor. Long-term studies are needed to reach a consensus on the effectiveness of interventions. Nurses’ particular role on the multidisciplinary teams was found to be a gap in the research, and must be further explored.
Highlights
The World Health Organization [1] considers sexuality as a central aspect of human beings
Teachers, psychologists, and social care professionals integrated in work groups on sexuality in adolescents from school context were considered for analysis
It is interesting to note that most studies had nurses or nursing professors as their first author, they did not focus exclusively on the role of nurses/nursing care
Summary
The World Health Organization [1] considers sexuality as a central aspect of human beings. It is influenced by psychological, social, biological, religious, spiritual, political, legal, economic, ethical, and historical issues. Sexual development is considered a multidimensional process that is experienced more intensely by adolescents as they go through the changes of puberty, develop the capacity for intimacy, and experience sexual thoughts [2]. Adolescence is a complex stage of life that brings several challenges to health professionals. By traditional definition, it includes individuals from 10 to 19 years old. Regardless of age limits, it is a period of important biological growth, psychological development, and social role transitions.
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