Abstract

BackgroundPatients' participation in medical decision making is an important aspect of patient‐centred care. However, there is often uncertainty about its applicability and feasibility in non‐Western countries.ObjectiveTo provide an overview and assessment of interventions that aimed to improve patients' participation in decision making in non‐Western countries.MethodOvid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE(R) Epub Ahead of Print, In‐Process, Other Non‐Indexed Citations, without Revisions and Daily Update and Database of s of Reviews of Effects, were searched from respective inception to February 2018. Studies were included if they (a) were randomized controlled trials, before‐and‐after studies and interrupted time series studies; (b) were conducted in non‐Western countries; (c) aimed to improve patients' participation in dyadic decision making; and (d) reported outcomes relevant to patient participation in decision making. Studies were excluded if they included children, were about triadic decision making or solely focused on information provision without reporting outcomes related to patient participation. Narrative synthesis method was used for data analysis and presentation.ResultsA total of 17 studies, 6 RCTs and 11 non‐RCTs, were included across ten countries. Intervention strategies included patient and/or provider communication skills training, decision aids and a question prompt material. Whilst most of the studies reported increased patient participation, those interventions which had provider or patient training in communication skills were found to be more effective.ConclusionInterventions to improve patient participation, within the context of dyadic decision making, in non‐Western countries can be feasible and effective if communication skills training is provided for health‐care providers and/or patients.

Highlights

  • Participation in decision making is a process where engaged patients and health‐care providers partake in shared decision making through the meaningful exchange of information and experiences.[1]

  • This systematic review used a narrative synthesis method to summarize the effects of interventions for improving patient participation in health‐care decisions within non‐Western countries

  • We summarized the impact of these studies on three outcomes, namely patient decisional conflict, patient participatory behaviours and provider participatory behaviours

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Summary

Introduction

Participation in decision making is a process where engaged patients and health‐care providers partake in shared decision making through the meaningful exchange of information and experiences.[1]. There is emerging evidence that participation in decisions may reduce health inequalities experienced by vulnerable groups such as racial and ethnic minorities, low literacy groups and seniors.[4] Issues such as time constraints, patient characteristics, low health literacy and cultural factors are often reported as barriers to participative decision making, with some saying that it is impractical amongst certain groups.[5-7]. Studies were included if they (a) were randomized controlled trials, before‐and‐after studies and interrupted time series studies; (b) were conducted in non‐Western countries; (c) aimed to improve patients' participation in dyadic decision making; and (d) reported outcomes relevant to patient participation in decision making. Conclusion: Interventions to improve patient participation, within the context of dyadic decision making, in non‐Western countries can be feasible and effective if communication skills training is provided for health‐care providers and/or patients

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