Intervention to Reduce Stress Levels in People with HIV/AIDS: Literature Review

Nancy Indriyani Dida

doi:10.35654/ijnhs.v2i1.78

Abstract

Abstract  People living with HIV/AIDS experience a variety of complex problems, not only physical problems related to the condition of HIV disease, but also psychosocial problems related to HIV disclosure, stigma, social isolation and discrimination that can cause anxiety and cause high stress levels.The conditions will gave the negative impact on both physical and mental health. The negative impact of stress can lead to depression, giving rise to an attitude of non-compliance with treatment, increased risk behavior for HIV transmission and faster disease progression, which in turn will worsen the quality of life for people living with HIV/AIDS. Several studies have been conducted to found appropriate interventions to reduce stress levels in people with HIV/AIDS. This article is a literature review of several interventions to reduce stress levels in people with HIV/AIDS, included Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation (JPMR), Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Reiki therapy. Literature search was carried out from databases such as Pubmed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, Proquest, Sciene Direct, with limited years of article publication in the last 10 years (2008-2018). Based on the review, it was found that Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation (JPMR) intervention; Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Reiki Therapy shows very significant results in decreasing stress levels in people with HIV conducted in three studies with different interventions. Keyword: Stress, HIV/AIDS, intervention

Highlights

Stress is an event of the life that occurs in everyday life that is seen as a threat, challenge or potentially as a hazard [1]
Stress events in life never escape the existence of mental health disorders and chronic physical health disorders, such as in HIV / AIDS [4]
Remien et al stated that stress is a component that cannot be separated from the incidence of depression in International Journal of Nursing and Health Service (IJNHS), Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2019 55 |

Summary

Introduction

Stress is an event of the life that occurs in everyday life that is seen as a threat, challenge or potentially as a hazard [1]. Everyone will be different in accepting the stress process, positive or negative. Positive pressure is called eustress, and negative stress is called distress. Stress can be positive (eustress) if the stress experienced is supported by a person's ability to cope with stress so that it will have a positive impact on one's performance and health. Stress can be harmful (distress) if stress is experienced or the pressure that comes in large quantities and is not supported by one's ability to cope with stress so that it will have a negative impact on one's performance and health [2,3]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion