Intervention design for rehabilitation at home after stroke. A pilot feasibility study

Abstract

This study aimed at identifying the characteristics and feasibility of rehabilitation at home for acute stroke patients in south-west Stockholm. A population-based systematic sample of 16 patients, fulfilling defined criteria, was selected from approximately 1/3 of the stroke patients having been in hospital for one week or more at a neurology department, and offered early discharge in combination with home-based rehabilitation as an alternative to sustained rehabilitation in hospital. Fifteen patients, mean age 68.2 years, male/female ratio 9/6, independent in feeding and continent one week after acute stroke, participated in the study. The most important components of the home-based rehabilitation programme were that: 1) one therapist was selected as case-manager using the other therapists on a consultant basis; 2) the training sessions consisted of different task-specific activities, based on the patients' personal interest; 3) education and individual counselling were offered to all spouses; and 4) adherence to structured training between therapy sessions was promoted. The length of such programmes varied from 4 to 19 weeks after discharge and the mean number of home visits was 11. Reported time for training between therapy sessions for 14 patients was mean 1.2 hours per day. The patients' lifestyle activities, personal and instrumental ADL, and motor capacity at 3, 6 and 12 months after stroke, assessed by validated and reliable methods, followed patterns similar to those reported for other stroke patients. The mean time in hospital for patients in the study was 14 days; for patients with similar ADL capacity but not included in the study it was 27 days.