Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the association between Burnout, stress, mental suffering and other personal and work factors associated with this syndrome. Method: cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study with 282 health professionals from the emergency services of the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, collected from October 2015 to March 2016. The instruments used were: sociodemographic questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Stress Symptom Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Psychiatric Screening Questionnaire, Fantastic Lifestyle Checklist, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Holmes-Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Descriptive writing of the data. Pearson's Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact Tests to check the association between variables and later regression analysis, in which ORs were calculated, with 95% CI and 5% significance level. Results: there was statistical evidence of an association between Burnout and education, early stress, stress, common mental disorders, lifestyle, anxiety and depression. The regression analysis shows that the variables that influence Burnout are: type of service (p=0.032; OR=0.187), education (p=0.029; OR=2.313), perception of stress (p=0.037; OR=1.67) and social readjustment (p=0.031; OR=1.279). Conclusion: this study points to a profile for the development of Burnout, consisting of health professionals with higher education, who suffered early stress, who have symptoms and perception of stress, who do not have a healthy lifestyle and show symptoms of mental suffering. Such results can assist in the development and implementation of strategies aimed at reducing both work stress and the prevalence of Burnout syndrome.
Highlights
There are several theoretical references that explain Burnout, the most used is that of Maslach and Jackson, who consider it as a syndrome composed of three dimensions, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal fulfillment that can be observed in professionals who work in constant contact and direct with people,[1,2,3] it can arise as a response to chronic work stress added to the lack of individual resources to deal with the demands of work.[4,5]
Considering the 282 professionals who participated in the study, it was evidenced that 30.5% had a high level of emotional exhaustion, 25.2% a high level of depersonalization and 61.3% a low personal fulfillment
These findings reveal the need to monitor the behavior of professionals, according to the manifestations that are characteristic of each dimension of the syndrome to prevent the triggering of Burnout
Summary
In addition to the studies describing the occurrence rates of Burnout and its dimensions in different occupational groups, its main causes and consequences have been investigated. Considering the individual variables related to Burnout, gender, age and education are the independent variables most frequently investigated.[2]. There are still other variables that have been investigated.[6,7] In this study, it was considered the inclusion of other individual variables, such as stress at three different moments: early stress, current stress and the perception of stress by individual; the symptoms of mental suffering, anxiety and depression; the type of lifestyle and the ease or not of readjusting to changes throughout life
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